In-toeing

In-toeing in children is common and usually self-resolves, but some cases benefit from early intervention.

In-toeing (sometimes called “pigeon-toed”) describes a walking pattern where the feet point inward. It can come from rotation in the foot itself, the lower leg (tibial torsion), or the hip (femoral anteversion). Most children outgrow it, but a podiatry assessment can identify which type you’re dealing with and whether intervention will help.

Common causes

• Metatarsus adductus (foot curvature)
• Internal tibial torsion (rotated lower leg)
• Femoral anteversion (rotated hip)
• Habitual W-sitting reinforcing the pattern
• Family history

How we treat it

• Full paediatric biomechanical assessment
• Reassurance and monitoring for benign cases
• Footwear advice and seating habit changes
• Gait re-training and strengthening exercises
• Orthotic intervention or specialist referral when warranted

Related services: Paediatric Foot Care · Pressure Measurement